Saturday, July 16, 2005

People

1. Has a lot more capabilities than he or she shows or that people are aware of.

2. Is a failure or weak in some way and has to be helped by others.

3. Is usually expected to lose in a competition with someone else.

4. Always wants to know about other people's private lives.

5. Is a wife who is alone because her husband is temporarily away.

6. Is a very selfish and careless driver.

7. Is a real nuisance and most people can't stand him or her.

8. Is someone who spoils the atmosphere or prevents others from enjoying themselves by being very boring and negative about everything.

9. Can't stop talking.

10. Is someone with a lots of modern ideas, energy and enthusiasm and who achieves a lot while still young.

11. Is a very important or influential person.

12. Is used as a subject in experiments.

13. Loves taking dangerous risks.

14. Carries on working when his or her fellow-workers are on strike.

15. Turns up at parties without being invited to them.


answer:
a big shot
a blackleg
a busybody
a chatterbox
a daredevil
a dark horse
a gatecrasher
a grass widow
a guine
a pig
a lame duck
a pain in the neck
a road hog
an underdog
a wet blanket
a whizz kid

Hellen keller

Saturday, July 09, 2005

Pronounce &Vocabulary 32:

Allege
verb [T]
to say that something is true or that someone has done something wrong without showing proof [allege (that)]:
• They alleged that Smith had failed to report $52,000 of income on his tax form. [be alleged to be/do sth]: He's alleged to have killed two people.

Allegation
noun [C] Written: 3000
a statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal, which has not been proved [+ of]:
• allegations of sexual harassment [allegation that]:
• There was an allegation that a police officer had punched the suspect.:
• They shouldn't make allegations without knowing the facts.Marathon


Demolish
verb [T]
1 to completely destroy a building or other structure:
• Several houses were demolished to make way for the new road.
2 INFORMAL to end or ruin something completely:
• The decision demolishes part of the city's civil rights legislation.
3 INFORMAL if you demolish your opponent, you beat them completely:
• Miami demolished Texas 46-3.Demolition

Endeavor
noun
1 [C] FORMAL an attempt or effort to do something new or different:
• His latest endeavor is a Chinese restaurant in the Beacon Hill neighborhood.
2 [U] efforts or activities that have a useful purpose:
• Soon, nearly every area of human endeavor (= all the activities that people do)will be dominated by the computer chip.
verb [I]
FORMAL to try very hard [endeavor to do sth]:
• Judge Harris said he will endeavor to be fair to both sides.

Euthanasia
noun [U]
the painless killing of people who are very sick or very old in order to stop them from suffering; MERCY KILLING

Multitude
noun [C]
1 a multitude of sth a very large number of people or things:
• I love a novel with a multitude of characters and lots of action.
• a multitude of advertisements for ice cream

2 the multitude(s) LITERARY a very large number of ordinary people in a particular place or situation:
• The rich got richer, while the multitude struggled just to survive.
3 cover/hide a multitude of sins HUMOROUS to make faults or problems seem less clear or noticeable:
• Patterned carpet can hide a multitude of sins.

Separate
adjective [no comparative] Spoken: 2000 • Written: 2000
1 things, places, buildings etc. that are separate are not joined to each other or touching each other:
• separate bedrooms [+ from]:
• Smoking sections in restaurants should be kept separate from non-smoking sections.

2 ideas, information, activities etc. that are separate are not related or do not affect each other in any way:
• A separate study found that 77% of students are spending less time on homework. [+ from]:
• Dale and Terry have little trouble keeping their work life separate from their married life.

3 different:
• In a separate saucepan, heat the milk and the cream.
• He asked her out on two separate occasions.

4 go your separate ways
a) to finish a relationship with someone, especially a romantic relationship
b) to start traveling in a different direction from someone you have been traveling with

Anarchy
noun [U]
a situation in which there is no effective government in a country or no order in an organization or situation:
• There was a state of near anarchy in the classroom.

Adequate
adjective
1 an adequate amount is enough for a particular purpose:
• Hardin's campaign did not have adequate funds to broadcast any ads on television. [+ for]:
• The earlier electric car's range of 50 miles was not adequate for suburban driving.
2 good enough in quality for a particular purpose or activity:
• Most people eat an adequate diet. [adequate to do sth]:
• The safety procedures are adequate to protect public health. [+ for]:
• Parents should ask whether the school's facilities are adequate for their children's needs.

3 fairly good, but not excellent:
• Redman's performance was adequate, though it lacked originality.

Finite
adjective
1 having an end or a limit:
• Oil is a finite resource. --compare INFINITE
2 TECHNICAL a finite verb form shows a particular tense or subject. "Am," "was," and "are" are examples of finite verb forms, but "being" and "been" are non-finite.


Competitor
noun [C] Written: 3000
1 a person, team, company etc. that is competing with another:
• Last year they sold twice as many computers as their competitors.
2 someone who takes part in a competition:
• Two of the competitors failed to show up for the race.

Hurricane
hurricane WORD ORIGIN
noun [C]
a storm that has very strong fast winds and that usually moves over water --compare CYCLONE, TORNADO, TYPHOON

Committee
noun Spoken: 2000 • Written: 1000
[C] a group of people chosen to do a particular job, make decisions etc.:
• the Senate Armed Forces Committee
• A welcoming committee greets newcomers to the Parkside neighborhood.
• Mary Ann is on the finance committee.

Human Emotions:

A
affection
UF: liking
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: love

aggression
USE: hostility

alienation
SN: Emotional isolation or dissociation.
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: depression

ambivalence
SN: The coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings, such as love and hate, toward a person, object, or idea.
BT: emotional states
RT: hate
indifference
love

amusement
USE: pleasure

anger
BT: displeasurable emotions
NT: rage
RT: hate
jealousy

angst
USE: anxiety

anguish
BT: unhappiness

antagonism
USE: hostility

anticipation
SN: condition of looking forward to something, especially with eagerness.
BT: excitement
RT: hope

antipathy
USE: hate

anxiety
SN: An intense, frightful reaction to an overwhelming situation of fear or anxiety characterized by extreme irrational actions and a disturbed physical state.
UF: angst
anxiousness
computer anxiety
distress
math anxiety
performance anxiety
social anxiety
speech anxiety
test anxiety
BT: displeasurable emotions
NT: apprehension
worry
RT: guilt
jealousy
shame

anxiousness
USE: anxiety

apathy
USE: indifference

apprehension
BT: anxiety

astonishment
USE: surprise

aversion
USE: hate
^

B
bereavement
USE: grief

boredom
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: restlessness
^

C


calmness
SN: Relaxed and in control; not anxious, upset, angry, etc. OR not excited or emotionally agitated.
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: mania


compassion
USE: sympathy


computer anxiety
USE: anxiety


confusion
UF: doubt
BT: displeasurable emotions
^

D
delight
USE: happiness


depression
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: alienation
sadness


desire
UF: infatuation
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: love


despair
BT: unhappiness


disappointment
UF: dissatisfaction
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: satisfaction
unhappiness


disgust
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: hate


disillusion
USE: negativity


dislike
USE: hate


displeasurable emotions
BT: emotional states
NT: alienation
anger
anxiety
boredom
confusion
depression
disappointment
disgust
frustration
grief
guilt
hate
helplessness
homesickness
hopelessness
hostility
jealousy
loneliness
pain
shame
shock
unhappiness



dissatisfaction
USE: disappointment


distress
USE: anxiety


distrust
USE: suspicion


doubt
USE: confusion
^

E

eagerness
USE: enthusiasm


embarrassment
USE: shame


emotional states
UF: feelings
mood
NT: ambivalence
displeasurable emotions
empathy
excitement
fear
indifference
mania
negativity
pleasurable emotions
positivity
pride
restlessness
sentimentality
shyness
surprise
suspicion
sympathy


emotionality
USE: sentimentality


empathy
SN: A feeling of identification with, and an understanding sympathy for someone.
UF: understanding
BT: emotional states
RT: sympathy


enjoyment
USE: pleasure


enthusiasm
UF: eagerness
zeal
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: excitement


envy
USE: jealousy


euphoria
USE: happiness


excitement
BT: emotional states
NT: anticipation
frenzy
RT: enthusiasm
^

F

fear
UF: fear of success
BT: emotional states
NT: panic
terror
RT: shame


fear of success
USE: fear


feelings
USE: emotional states


frenetic
USE: frenzy


frenzy
SN: Feeling wild, agitated, and out of control.
UF: frenetic
BT: excitement


frustration
BT: displeasurable emotions


fulfillment
USE: satisfaction
^

G
grief
UF: bereavement
mourning
sorrow
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: pain


guilt
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: anxiety
pleasure
shame
^

H
happiness
UF: delight
euphoria
joy
BT: pleasurable emotions


hate
UF: antipathy
aversion
dislike
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: ambivalence
anger
disgust


helplessness
UF: learned helplessness
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: hopelessness


homesickness
UF: nostalgia
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: loneliness
sadness
sentimentality


hope
UF: optimism
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: anticipation
hopelessness
negativity
positivity


hopelessness
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: helplessness
hope
indifference
negativity


hostility
UF: aggression
antagonism
resentment
BT: displeasurable emotions


hypomania
USE: mania
^

I
indifference
UF: apathy
BT: emotional states
RT: ambivalence
hopelessness


infatuation
SN: foolish or extravagant passion.
USE: desire
^

J

jealousy
UF: envy
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: anger
anxiety


joy
USE: happiness
^

L

learned helplessness
USE: helplessness


liking
USE: affection


loneliness
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: homesickness


love
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: affection
ambivalence
desire
^

M

mania
UF: hypomania
BT: emotional states
RT: calmness


math anxiety
USE: anxiety


melancholy
USE: sadness


mistrust
USE: suspicion


mood
USE: emotional states


mourning
USE: grief
^

N

negative affectivity

USE: negativity


negative emotions
USE: negativity


negativity
UF: disillusion
negative affectivity
negative emotions
pessimism
BT: emotional states
RT: hope
hopelessness


nostalgia
USE: homesickness
^

O

optimism
USE: hope
^

P

pain
UF: suffering
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: grief


panic
BT: fear


performance anxiety
USE: anxiety


pessimism
USE: negativity


pleasurable emotions
BT: emotional states
NT: affection
calmness
desire
enthusiasm
happiness
hope
love
pleasure
satisfaction


pleasure
UF: amusement
enjoyment
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: guilt


positive affectivity
USE: positivity


positive emotions
USE: positivity


positivity
UF: positive affectivity
positive emotions
BT: emotional states
RT: hope


pride
BT: emotional states
RT: shame
^

R

rage
BT: anger


resentment
USE: hostility


restlessness
BT: emotional states
RT: boredom
^

S

sadness
UF: melancholy
BT: unhappiness
RT: depression
homesickness


satisfaction
UF: fulfillment
BT: pleasurable emotions
RT: disappointment


self-consiousness
USE: shyness


sentimentality
SN: the quality or condition of being affectedly or overly emotional OR emotionality which is shallow, maudlin, romantic and, in some respects, suspect in its veracity
UF: emotionality
BT: emotional states
RT: homesickness


shame
UF: embarrassment
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: anxiety
fear
guilt
pride


shock
UF: trauma
BT: displeasurable emotions
RT: surprise


shyness
UF: self-consiousness
BT: emotional states


social anxiety
USE: anxiety


sorrow
USE: grief


speech anxiety
USE: anxiety


suffering
USE: pain


surprise
UF: astonishment
BT: emotional states
RT: shock


suspicion
UF: distrust
mistrust
BT: emotional states


sympathy
UF: compassion
BT: emotional states
RT: empathy
^

T

terror
SN: A state of intense fear OR great fear, panic, or dread OR
intense, overpowering fear.
BT: fear


test anxiety
USE: anxiety


trauma
USE: shock
^

U

understanding
USE: empathy


unhappiness
BT: displeasurable emotions
NT: anguish
despair
sadness
RT: disappointment
^

W
worry
BT: anxiety
^

Z

zeal
USE: enthusiasm

Get:

As any English student knows one of the most frustrating things to learn are all the various uses of "GET". Get is used as a verb by itself with various meanings. One of the most difficult areas of usage is how "get" combines with prepositions for form phrasal verbs. Add to these problems the variations in colloquial usage and you have got ;-) a recipe for confusion! Below is a list of the principal usage followed by a short quiz. Hopefully you will get it (i.e. understand the proper usage) after you have finished.
GET alone

To receive
I got a book for my birthday.
To earn
I get $7 an hour.
To bring or fetch
Can you get that book for me?
To understand
Do you get the lesson?
To be affected by, or catch
He got a cold last week.
To catch or take
I got the 4.55 train to New York.
To communicate with
I got him by phone.
To have a strong effect on
That film really got me.
To capture or seize
The police got him at the station.

GET used in a phrasal verb

These are not all meanings of these phrasal verbs. I have chosen the principle meanings as a way of focusing on the principal meanings of these extremely important verbs.

Phrasal Verb

To get about (or around) To be socially active
Tom really gets around, doesn’t he?
To get ahead To be successful
It’s very difficult to get ahead nowadays.
To get away To escape
The thief got away from the police.
To get back To recover or retrieve
I got my books back from Tom.
To get by To survive financially
Sally gets by on just $1,000 a month.
To get in To enter a car, train etc.
Come on, get in! Let’s go.
To get into To be accepted
He got into the university of his choice.
To get off To exit from a train, bus etc.
Jerry got off at 52nd Street.
To get on with To have a good relationship with
I really get on well with Janet.
To get out To leave
I got out of class at 3.30.
To get over To recover from an illness or bad occurrence
He got over his operation very quickly.
To get through To succeed in an examination, test etc.
That was a difficult test to get through, wasn’t it?
To get up To get out of bed
I got up at 7 this morning.

Get – Colloquial usage

Gotta To have to (US)
I gotta go it’s late
Have got to To have to (US)
I’ve got to hurry up!
To get down to business To begin working
Tom arrived at 12 and immediately got down to business.
To get together To meet
Let’s get together this weekend.
To get it together To improve one’s performance
Come on! Get it together – you are playing horrible tennis.