lesson three

livid
adj
1 extremely angry; FURIOUS:
• I was so livid I just ripped up the letter.
2 a mark on your skin that is livid is dark blue and gray:
• livid bruises
3 LITERARY a face that is livid is very pale
Seethe
v
1 to feel a bad emotion, especially anger, so strongly that you are almost shaking:
• He went to bed seething. [+ with]:
• Daniel was seething with jealousy.
2 if a place is seething with people, insects etc., there are a lot of them all moving quickly in different directions [+ with]:
• The harbor of the naval base seethed with activity.
Gall
n
1 have the gall to do sth to do something impolite and unreasonable that most people would be too embarrassed to do:
• Congress actually had the gall to vote for a pay raise for themselves.
2 [U] OLD-FASHIONED anger and hate that will not go away
3 [U] OLD USE --see BILE
4 [C] a swelling on a tree or plant caused by damage from insects or infection
5 [C] a painful place on an animal's skin, caused by something rubbing against it
Gall
v
to make someone feel upset and angry because of something that is unfair [it galls sb (that)]:
• It galls me that tax dollars are so carelessly spent.
Rant and rave
v
to talk or complain in a loud, excited, and rather confused way because you feel strongly about something:
• Thompson was ranting about American youth again.
• You don't have to rant and rave to get your point across.

Mollify
v
verb mollifies, mollified, mollifying [T]
to make someone feel less angry and upset about something:
• Mel appeared somewhat mollified by her words.
mollification noun [U]
Pacify
v
1 to make someone calm, quiet, and satisfied after they have been angry or upset:
• They had to use drugs to pacify him.
2 to bring peace to an area or to end war in a place:
• On August 20, the army recaptured the city and pacified the surrounding area.
pacification noun [U]
Wreath
n
1 a circle made from leaves or flowers that you hang on your door at Christmas or put on a grave
2 a circle made from leaves that was given to someone in past times for them to wear on their head as an honor
Be steam up /
be steaming (mad)
be steaming (mad) also be steamed (up) SPOKEN to be very angry:
• Pierce was steaming mad after he got the second penalty.
To bent out of shape
SPOKEN very angry or annoyed:
• Hey, don't get all bent out of shape!
do a slow burn /
go into a slow burn
to slowly become angry:
• Coach Bowen stood on the sidelines, doing a slow burn.
lose your(one) cool
to stop being calm in a frightening or difficult situation:
• Sam was a real gentleman who never lost his cool.
take sth out on sb phrasal verb [T]
to treat someone badly because you are feeling angry, tired etc.:
• Don't take it out on me! It's not my fault.
pacifier
noun [C]
1 a specially shaped rubber object that you give a baby to suck so that it does not cry
2 something that makes people calm
bend over backward (to do sth) /
bend over backward
to try very hard to be helpful:
• The hotel employees bent over backward to please us.
give sb the finger
to show someone you are angry with them in a very offensive way by holding up your middle finger with the back of your hand facing them
laid-back
adjective
relaxed and seeming not to be worried about anything:
• I think Morris is too laid-back to run the company.
• Colorado's laid-back lifestyle
be taken with/by sb/sth
Spoken phrases
to be attracted by a particular idea, plan or person:
• The men were taken with her beauty
relaxant
noun [C]
something, especially a drug, that makes you relax:
• a muscle relaxant
Opposite
adjective
1 as different as possible from something else:
• two words with opposite meanings
• Raising interest rates to slow the economy may have the opposite effect. [+ to]:
• a political philosophy that was opposite to everything she believed in
2 on the other side of the same area, often directly across from it:
• I think our hotel is on the opposite side of the street.
• We live at opposite ends of the state (= on different sides of the state, very far apart)so we don't often see each other.
3 the opposite direction, way etc. is directly away from someone or something:
• Two suspects were seen running off in the opposite direction.
4 the opposite sex people of the other sex:
• The magazine article's title was "How to become irresistible to the opposite sex."
5 opposite number someone who has the same job in another similar organization:
• her opposite number in the Republican Party
Opposite
Preposition
1 if one thing or person is opposite another, they are facing each other:
• Put the piano opposite the sofa.
2 play/star/appear opposite sb to act with another person in a movie or play as one of the main characters:
• Vivien Leigh played opposite Clark Gable in "Gone With The Wind."
Opposite
noun [C]
1 a person or thing that is as different as possible from someone or something else:
• The two sisters are complete opposites. [the opposite (of sb/sth)]:
• The results were the opposite of what we expected.
• He says one thing and then does the opposite.:
• Eileen's parents are very formal, but mine are just the opposite.
2 opposites attract said to explain the romantic attraction between two people who are very different from each other
Opposite
adverb
in a position on the other side of the same area:
• My cousin was sitting opposite.

Footprint
noun
1 a mark made by a foot or shoe:
• a deer's footprints in the snow
2 a word used to describe the amount of space that a particular piece of computer equipment covers on the surface of a desk or on the floor
Footstep
noun
the sound of each step when someone is walking:
• He heard someone's footsteps in the hall. --see also follow (in) sb's footsteps (FOLLOW)
Elite
adjective [only before noun]
limited to a small number of the best, most skilled, most experienced etc. people:
• The competition is only open to an elite group of athletes.
Elite
noun [C also + plural verb]




a small group of people who are powerful or important because they have money, knowledge, special skills etc.:
• The ruling elite have resisted all attempts at reform.
privileged
adjective
1 having advantages because of your wealth, high social position etc.:
• a member of the privileged class
• Some see the Republicans as the party of the privileged few.
2 having a special advantage or a chance to do something that most people cannot do:
• Taylor enjoyed privileged access to the presidential files. [privileged to do sth]:
• I feel privileged to serve on the committee.
3 LAW privileged information does not have to be given even if a court of law asks for it
Bourgeois
adjective
1 belonging or relating to the MIDDLE CLASS:
• bourgeois attitudes and values
2 belonging to or typical of the MIDDLE CLASS people in society who are educated, own land etc., according to MARXISM:
• a bourgeois capitalist --see also PETTY BOURGEOIS --compare PROLETARIAN
bourgeois
noun plural bourgeois [C]
1 a member of the MIDDLE CLASS
2 someone who belongs to MIDDLE CLASS part of society and who is educated, owns land etc., according to MARXISM --compare PROLETARIAT
classless society
adjective
a classless society is one in which people are not divided into different social classes
classlessness noun [U]
blue-collar
adjective [only before noun]
blue-collar workers are paid by the hour, rather than being paid a SALARY, and often do physically difficult work
white-collar
adjective
1 relating to jobs in offices, banks etc., as opposed to jobs working in factories, building things etc.:
• a white-collar worker
2 white-collar crime crimes involving white-collar workers, for example when someone secretly steals money from the organization they work for
pink-collar
adjective
relating to low-paid jobs done mainly by women, for example in offices and restaurants, or relating to the women who do these jobs:
• pink-collar jobs
• pink-collar workers

yellow-bellied
INFORMAL not brave; COWARDLY
see red
to become very angry:
• I immediately saw red and wanted to prove him wrong.