Music word

Match the verb in the column on the left with the correct noun from the column on the right
VERB NOUN
compose tune
conduct drum
write horn
play instrument
blow piece of music
tap orchestra
improvise lyrics
sing song
hum solo
beat foot



The words below are some of the most important used when talking about entertainment.
Entertainment - People
actor
actress
artist
audience
backing group
ballerina
choreographer
cast
composer
conductor
dancer
director
drummer
guitarist (lead / bass)
magician
musician
orchestra
painter
pianist
playwright
producer
saxophonist
sculptor
singer
vocalist
violinist
Entertainment - Arts and Crafts
carving
drawing
knitting
painting
pottery
sculpture
sewing
Entertainment - Artistic Events
ballet
concert
exhibition
film
play
opera
Entertainment - Inside the Theater
aisle
box
circle
curtain
footlight
gallery
lighting
microphone
orchestra pit
row
screen
scenery
set
speaker
stage
stalls
wings
workshop
Entertainment - Places
art gallery
cinema
concert hall
exhibition center
museum
opera house
stadium
theater
Entertainment - Verbs
applaud
boo
conduct
exhibit
perform
play (a part)



A cappella Singing without accompaniment
Accent Emphasis on a note, word, or phrase
Articulation The way a sound is started and ended
Attack The beginning of a sound
Breath One cycle of inspiration/expiration
Chord Two or more pitches sounding together
Chromatic Moving in half-steps
Compound meter Meter that is made up of simple meters 2/4+3/4
Counting Mentally breaking down a rhythm into divisions
Diatonic Moving within a key without changes
Diction Correct and clear pronunciation of consonants
Dipthong Two or more vowel sounds blended together
Dynamics Relative loudness or softness
Embouchure Mouth position in brass and woodwinds
Harmony The system of moving from chord to chord
Homophonic A style where all parts have the same rhythm
Intonation Being in tune with accompaniment or others
Key--major Based on a scale of w/w/h/w/w/w/h steps
Key--minor Based on a scale of w/h/w/w/h/w/w steps
Melody Pitches in sequence that form a pattern
Meter The division of time into units
Phrase Notes played or sung in one breath
Pitch The highness or lowness of sound measured in Hz.
Placement Vocal term--where the sound is placed in the head
Polyphonic Where each part has an independent rhythm
Posture Sitting/standing correctly and efficiently
Pulse Feeling where the beat is
Release How a sound is ended
Rhythm How a sound is placed in time
Sacred Music that is written for spiritual or religious use
Secular Music that is written for entertainment
Slur Playing a series of pitches without tonguing
Solfege Italian system of pitch and interval ear training
Tempo The speed at which a regular pulse is repeated
Tone color/Timbre The relative brightness or darkness of a sound
Tongue To start a sound with the tongue on reed or mthpce
Unison Everyone on the same pitch






MUSICAL STYLES:

Jazz Music

Rock Music
Art music demands a high level of training on the part of the performer and a relatively high level of sophistication on the part of the audience.

Popular and folk styles of music can become equally sophisticated, but they tend to start out being easier to perform and more easily understood by a wider audience.

styles of Western art music:Baroque,Classical,Romantic , modern, and postmodern

religious music
folk music
military music
popular music
film music
show music


A Percussion



Instruments of the percussion family are undoubtedly found in the greatest number of musical cultures. Percussion instruments are referred to as membranophones if they produce sound through the vibrations of a stretched skin or other membrane. They are called idiophones if they produce sound through their natural resonance when struck, rubbed, plucked, or shaken. Drums are membranophones; hollowed logs, bells, gongs, xylophones, and pianos are examples of idiophones.

B Wind



Popular Brass Band Music of Serbia Southern Serbia is the home of Muslim Roma (Gypsies) who often perform in local restaurants, at weddings, and in street celebrations. Many Serbian soldiers learned to play the trumpet as part of military training, and the instrument has become a symbol for southern Serbs. Brass bands play an eclectic mix of military marches and traditional folk dance tunes featuring asymmetric rhythms."Sampionski Cocek" from Jova Stojiljkovic "Besir": Blow, Besir, Blow


Wind instruments, or aerophones, produce sound in several ways. The performer’s lips may produce the vibration, as with brass instruments. The vibration may be produced by a column of air split across a sharp edge (flutes, pipes, whistles). Or the vibration may be produced by one or two reeds, as with instruments such as the clarinet, saxophone, oboe, bassoon, or the Korean oboe called a piri.

C String



The string, or chordophone, family has several branches. In one branch, which includes the zither, dulcimer, and Japanese koto, strings are stretched across a flat body. In a second branch, each instrument has a neck, for example the lute, guitar, Indian sitar, Arabic ‘ud, or violin. A third branch includes plucked instruments with multiple strings, such as the lyre or the harp, where each string produces only one pitch.

D Electronic

Electronic instrument, or electrophone, refers broadly to any means of generating, modifying, or amplifying musical sounds electronically. Thus any instrument played through an amplifier becomes an electronic instrument. The term most often refers to instruments that generate sound electronically.




Although there were experimental electronic instruments in the early 20th century, sound synthesizers and computer-based music composition, arrangement, recording, and distribution have only in recent years become accessible to a broad segment of the population. See Musical Instruments.

Musical Form

The overall shape or architecture of music is referred to as its musical form. We will begin with a brief discussion of form in Western art music, and then compare this with an example of form in non-Western music.

THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

At its simplest, music consists of a short, unaccompanied melody, known as monophony. But even the simplest melody consists of many important components. Some of the most obvious of these are the varying heights or pitches of the tones, their durations, their loudnesses, their tone colors or timbres, and their articulations.

A Pitch

Notes of the Musical Scale The piano keyboard shows the notes of the musical scale, which are written on staffs of five lines. Each line and each space between lines represents a different note, or pitch, that corresponds to a white key on the piano. Some notes can be written above or below the staff, by adding short lines (shown from c1 to e1 on the bass staff and from g to c1 on the treble staff).

An octave is a span of eight notes, as measured by the piano's white keys. Two complete octaves in the key of C (that is, starting with the note c) are shown here. The first octave runs from the note called low c (c on the bass staff) to middle c (c1 on the bass and treble staffs). The second octave runs from middle c to high c (c2 on the treble staff).© Microsoft Corporation.

Musical Scales Arranging notes into a series by order of pitch results in a musical scale. The modern system of scale building is based on the chromatic scale, which is composed of twelve equally divided semitones. The interval between any two successive tones in the chromatic scale is known as a half step. Most western music relies on the diatonic scale, formed from seven notes of the chromatic scale and utilizing two half tones (chromatic intervals) and five whole tones. Whole tone scales are made up of only whole steps. A pentatonic scale is a five-toned scale and typically combines whole tones with step-and-a-half intervals. As is the convention, the octave is included in the scales pictured.© Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

Each musical culture has one or more sets of tunings that define the gaps or intervals between pitches in that group’s music. By the 18th century, most Western music was based on 12 equivalent intervals per octave. This system is represented by the chromatic scale. Its 12 equally spaced tones per octave, called half-steps or semitones, can be heard by playing the tones that correspond to 12 adjacent frets on a guitar fretboard, or to 12 adjacent keys on any modern Western keyboard instrument. The semitone is the smallest gap in traditional Western music, but smaller intervals (collectively referred to as microtones) are used in some modern Western music, as well as in some other musical cultures.

B Scale

Classical Gamelan of Java In Central Java, two general categories of tuning exist, sléndro and pélog. Javanese gamelan music uses a seven-tone pélog scale, while Balinese prefers a five-tone sléndro scale.

There are many scale systems in the world, and not all are based on dividing the octave into 12 equal parts. For example, the Javanese Sléndro scale contains five tones, but tunings of these five tones do not correspond to twelve steps in an octave scale as with other pentatonic scales. Scholars have measured several different tuning versions of the Sléndro scale, including some that approximate dividing the octave into five equal intervals. When comparing the sounds of Javanese and Balinese gamelan performances, listen carefully to the tunings of the gongs (see Indonesian music).

C Time

Pulse and Meter The pulse, or pattern of regular accents, of a musical piece can be broken into individual pulses, or beats. In rhythmic notation, notes are assigned time values by their relation to these beats. The grouping of beats in a piece of music establishes the music’s meter. Meter is identified by the time signature, a fractional symbol in which the numerator specifies the number of beats per bar, and the denominator specifies the relative note value assigned to one beat. A time signature of 6/8 indicates six beats per measure and the “eighth note” is given a value of one beat.© Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

D Harmony



Chords A chord is identified by its root, the lowest tone in the chord. Generally, chords are formed by stacking notes on top of the root in intervals of thirds. To illustrate, the chord A-C-E-G-B can be represented numerically as 1-3-5-7-9. A triad is a three-note chord (1-3-5), and it is the most common type of chord. A seventh chord is a triad with the seventh added (1-3-5-7). A ninth chord is a seventh chord with the ninth added (1-3-5-7-9). Other chords result from stacking additional notes.


In most music, and especially in Western music, important and style-defining patterns are formed by pitches that overlap with one another in time, producing a chord, or harmony. Two or more tones that occur at the same time form a harmonic relationship called a block chord. These tones are called broken chords or arpeggios when heard separately but in sufficiently rapid succession that the listener perceives them as part of the same harmony.